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Creation and integration mechanism of instrumentation flexible developing system

Xiaoli XU, Qiushuang LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第2期页码 235-240 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0122-5

摘要：

To solve many key technical problems during the development of modern instrumentation system integration and provide a new mode and fundamental technical equipment for the research and development (R&D) of modern instrumentation products, based on the concept of an instrumentation flexible developing system (IFDS), this paper discusses the creation and open flexible integration mechanism, perfects the integrated supporting environment and integrated system of the flexible interconnection, and constructs the new flexible integrated system. Based on the operation mechanism of the modern instrumentation developing system and the research and optimization of the rapid integration design method, the paper emphasizes the dynamic integrating method of multiple types of knowledge in a modern instrument R&D system, to effectively utilize the rich integrated resource and achieve rapid integration of the system. Applications show that the new IFDS can improve the integration level and efficiency of R&D of the modern instrumentation system, enforce the reliability of the system, shorten the R&D period, and reduce the development costs.

关键词： modern instrumentation developing flexible interconnection flexible integration mechanism rapid integration system dynamic integrating method

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“互联网 +”现代农业的战略路径与对策建议

李瑾,马晨,赵春江,冯献

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第4期页码 50-57 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.006

摘要：

“互联网 +” 现代农业是互联网理念、技术和方法在农业领域的实践，是新一代信息技术革命下互联网与现代农业产业融合的新业态和新模式。本文基于现代农业发展需求分析，提出发展“互联网 +”现代农业的必要性，结合对“互联网 +”现代农业内涵的科学界定，分别从信息感知数字化、农机装备智能化、农业生产精准化、产后管理在线化、农技服务个性化5 个方面分析了“互联网 +” 现代农业的新特征，从技术、产业、应用 3 个层面分析了我国“互联网 +” 现代农业发展瓶颈，据此提出了发展“互联网 +” 现代农业的发展思路和战略目标。研究认为，突破“互联网 +” 现代农业应用的理论、方法和共性关键技术，培育形成“互联网 +”现代农业产业集群，开展“互联网 +”在农业生产、农业供应链、农业生产性服务等方面的集成应用示范是我国现阶段的发展重点；应进一步加快实现农业农村互联网信息互通共享，持续推进“互联网 +” 现代农业技术标准体系建设，加强“互联网 +” 现代农业学科发展与人才培养，驱动现代农业产业变革和转型升级。

关键词： “互联网 +”现代农业现代农业产业体系农产品供应链农业生产性服务业

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中国仪器仪表工程科技2035发展趋势研究

王雪,张莉

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第1期页码 103-107 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.01.015

摘要：

仪器仪表工程科技是智能制造、科学研究、环境监测、医疗健康、国防建设等必不可少的基础技术和装备核心。仪器仪表工程科技作为实现国家创新驱动战略的重要支撑，其发展水平决定新兴信息产业、高端装备制造业、新能源和新材料等战略性新兴产业的发展。本文分析了仪器仪表领域2035年的发展目标，围绕新型仪器仪表的数字化、智能化、网络化的发展趋势，从智能仪器仪表、医疗仪器和微机电系统（MEMS）三个领域阐述了未来我国仪器仪表工程科技领域的发展方向及关键技术，提出了2035年我国仪器仪表工程科技领域的总体趋势。

关键词：仪器仪表智能仪器仪表医疗仪器微机电系统趋势分析

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Traditional Chinese medicine: potential approaches from modern dynamical complexity theories

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 28-32 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0434-2

摘要：

Despite the widespread use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in clinical settings, proving its effectiveness via scientific trials is still a challenge. TCM views the human body as a complex dynamical system, and focuses on the balance of the human body, both internally and with its external environment. Such fundamental concepts require investigations using system-level quantification approaches, which are beyond conventional reductionism. Only methods that quantify dynamical complexity can bring new insights into the evaluation of TCM. In a previous article, we briefly introduced the potential value of Multiscale Entropy (MSE) analysis in TCM. This article aims to explain the existing challenges in TCM quantification, to introduce the consistency of dynamical complexity theories and TCM theories, and to inspire future system-level research on health and disease.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine quantification dynamical complexity system level balance modern sciences

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Advances in newly developing therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 166-174 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0334-2

摘要：

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection afflicts a reported 170 million people worldwide and is often complicated by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Morbidity and mortality are decreased with the successful treatment of chronic HCV infection. Increased understanding of the HCV has allowed further development of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents against the HCV and has also allowed the development of IFN-free oral treatment regimens. In late 2013 the first nucleotide polymerase inhibitor regimen with RBV alone for genotypes 2/3 and in combination with a 12-week regimen of PEG-IFN+RBV for genotypes 1, 4 was approved for use in the US. A number of promising new DAA regimens which are IFN-free are in phase 3 development and the first will likely be approved for use in the US in 2014. The currently approved regimens are discussed in detail and currently available data on future regimens are reviewed herein.

关键词： direct-acting antiviral (DAA) nucleotide polymerase inhibitors protease inhibitors

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Features of seismic hazard in large dam projects and strong motion monitoring of large dams

Martin WIELAND,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 56-64 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0005-6

摘要： Earthquakes can affect large dam projects in many different ways. Usually, design engineers are focussing on ground shaking and neglect the other aspects. The May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake has damaged 1803 dams and reservoirs, and 403 hydropower plants with an installed capacity of 3.3GW. Among these dams were the 132-m-high Shapai RCC arch dam and the 156-m-high Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam. These recently completed dams are dam types which, up to now, have not experienced strong ground shaking. The widespread mass movements have caused substantial damage to dams and surface powerhouses in Sichuan. The different features of earthquake hazard are presented, i.e., ground shaking, faulting and mass movements. It is proposed to prepare project-specific safety plans for all dams, which consist of a matrix where the possible hazards and the corresponding countermeasures are listed. The earthquake behaviors of the Sefid Rud, Zipingpu and Shapai dams, which, in the past, have experienced strong ground shaking from nearby earthquakes, are discussed. Finally, the need for strong motion instrumentation of large dams is discussed. It is proposed that major dams with large damage potential, dams located in areas of high seismicity, and dams showing signs of abnormal behavior be equipped with strong motion instruments.

关键词： seismic hazard arch dam concrete face rockfill dam strong motion instrumentation reservoir-triggered seismicity Wenchuan earthquake

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A measurement system for thin elastohydrodynamic lubrication films

WANG Xuefeng, GUO Feng, YANG Peiran

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第2期页码 193-196 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0032-8

摘要： An elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film measurement system using multi-beam interferometry is introduced in this paper. The measurement principle and the instrumentation are discussed. A simple and efficient method is suggested to obtain the fringe order of measured points. It is demonstrated that the presented measurement system can provide continuous measurement of lubricating films from nano to micro scales at a nano-level resolution, and can be used to investigate ultra-thin EHL films and tiny variations in EHL films.

关键词： instrumentation continuous measurement elastohydrodynamic lubrication ultra-thin measurement

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现代工程项目三方合同系统研究

林基础,成虎

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第11期页码 93-96

摘要：

对三方合同进行了系统的分析和研究，提出三方合同的概念、常见类型及其特征以及日后在三方合同研究工作中需要解决的问题。

关键词：现代工程项目三方合同常见类型合同特征系统研究

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Barriers and countermeasures in developing traditional Chinese medicine in Europe

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 360-376 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0455-x

摘要：

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the unique cultural treasures of Chinese; it represents a significant feature and prominent advantage of the healthcare cause in China. Data in this paper were from World Health Organization, Chinese Bureau of Statistics, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and PubMed. In recent years, TCM has established a solid foundation in Europe, which made great strides in legislation, education, research, and international exchange, and has enjoyed a vast development space in the continent. Now, TCM is embracing unprecedented development opportunities in Europe. At the same time, the stiff international competition poses a grave threat to China’s TCM industry. With multiple cultural, legal, and institutional challenges, as well as talent shortages in the way, TCM is now facing many difficulties in Europe. To fully prepare and enact active and vigorous steps to seize opportunities, we should have a clear picture about the serious challenges hampering TCM development in Europe. The TCM development at overseas markets has shifted from a spontaneous trade activity into a national strategy spearheaded by the government and participated in by multiple stakeholders. We should make a systematic, comprehensive, and sustainable push in fields such as TCM therapy, healthcare, education, research, culture, and industry development. The ultimate goal is to bring TCMs to the global market and allow them to play a role in safeguarding public health along with modern medicines.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine Europe development

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Application and development of modern long-span space structures in China

Shilin DONG, Yang ZHAO, Dong XING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 224-239 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0166-6

摘要： Modern long-span space structures, developed during the 1970s and 1980s, are light and effective structures based on new technologies and light-weight high-strength materials, such as membranes and steel cables. These structures include air-supported membrane structures, cable-membrane structures, cable truss structures, beam string structures, suspen-domes, cable domes, composite structures of cable dome and single-layer lattice shell, Tensairity structures and so forth. For the premodern space structures widely used since the mid-twentieth century (such as thin shells, space trusses, lattice shells and ordinary cable structures), new space structures have been developed by the combination of different structural forms and materials. The application of prestressing technology and the innovation of structural concepts and configurations are also associated with modern space structures, including composite space trusses, open-web grid structures, polyhedron space frame structures, partial double-layer lattice shells, cable-stayed grid structures, tree-type structures, prestressed segmental steel structures and so forth. This paper provides a review of the structural characteristics and practical applications in China of modern rigid space structures, modern flexible space structures and modern rigid-flexible combined space structures.

关键词： modern long-span space structures rigid space structures flexible space structures rigid-flexible combined space structures application and development

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Thermally developing forced convection and the corresponding thermal stresses in a porous plate channel

YANG Xiao, LIU Xuemei

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第1期页码 57-61 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0009-7

摘要： Based on the Darcy fluid model, by considering the effects of viscous dissipation due to the interaction between solid skeleton and pore fluid flow and thermal conduction in the direction of the fluid flow, the thermally developing forced convection of the local thermal equilibrium and the corresponding thermal stresses in a semi-infinite saturated porous plate channel are investigated in this paper. The expressions of temperature, local Nusselt number and corresponding thermal stresses are obtained by means of the Fourier series, and the distributions of the same are also shown. Furthermore, influences of the P晱let number () and Brinkman number () on temperature, Nusselt number () and thermal stress are revealed numerically.

关键词： semi-infinite saturated direction interaction skeleton thermal equilibrium

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of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing

Neil Stephen LOPEZ, Anthony S.F. CHIU, Jose Bienvenido Manuel BIONA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 389-399 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0578-7

摘要：

Global CO₂ emissions increased by 57.9% from 1990 to 2014, of which 21% is known to be from the transportation sector. In line with policy development, driving forces to energy consumption and emissions may be determined using decomposition analysis techniques. However, the detail of information required to perform such studies for the transportation sector in developing countries can be challenging. An attempt was made in this study to formulate a decomposition analysis framework considering data availability and limitation in developing countries. Furthermore, a suggestion of adjusting transport activity data using average oil price was proposed. An illustrative case study in the Philippines revealed that the most significant driver was transport activity, followed by energy intensity, and then population growth, which was both similar and contrary to all previous studies performed in developed and rapidly urbanizing countries, which pointed out to transport activity as the primary contributing force. For the Philippines, transport activity was an inhibiting force, whereas energy intensity was the primary contributing factor. The difference could be explained by the differences in mode shares and quality of life between countries. Looking at private vehicle ownership data, it is observed that growth rates are higher in the rural, than in the urban centers. Deriving from the findings, developing a comprehensive public transport plan is recommend for future growth areas, expansion and modernization of public transport services in the city, and strategic deployment of transport policies.

关键词： transportation LMDI decomposition developing country emissions

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Lessons learned from developing and implementing refinery production scheduling technologies

Marcel JOLY, Mario Y. MIYAKE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 325-337 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017033

摘要： An increasing number of novel and highly specialized computer-aided decision-making technologies for short-term production scheduling in oil refineries has emerged and evolved over the past two decades, thereby encouraging refiners to permanently rethink the way the refining business is operated and managed. In this report, we discuss the key lessons learned from one of the pioneering, yet daring, enterprise-wide programs entirely implemented in an energy company devoted to developing and implementing an advanced refinery production scheduling (RPS) technology, i.e., the RPS system of Petrobras. Apart from mathematical and information technology issues, the long-term sustainability of a successful RPS project is, we argue, the outcome of a virtuous cycle grounded on permanent actions devoted to improving technical education inside the organization, reinspecting organizational cultures and operational paradigms, and developing working processes.

关键词： automation decision making oil refinery optimization production scheduling

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现代造纸机的节能与降耗

陈克复,杨旭

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 4-8

摘要：

讨论了装备控制先进、车速在准高速以上的现代造纸机实现节能降耗的几个途径，即改进各操作单元的结构、实施先进的关键技术与装备及提高其抄造率和产品成品率来提高整机效率。详细介绍了现代造纸机各操作单元的先进关键技术，以及这些关键技术对节能降耗的作用。通过分析现代造纸机在技术上仍存在的科技难题及我国的实际情况，提出研发国产现代造纸机的车速及幅宽的定位，并对我国研发及生产现代造纸机装备方面提出了合理的建议。

关键词：节能降耗现代造纸机关键技术

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Management and Practice of Large-Scale Modern Coal Enterprises

An Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 13-17 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014004

摘要： As the coal-dominated energy structure will remain unchanged in the short term, the sustainable development of the coal industry is still serving as one of the foundations for the sound development of the national economy. The construction of modernized mines based on "four orientations", that is, orientations of scale production, modern technology and equipment, informationized management and professional working team, has been rapidly enhancing its development in the recent decade. However, in the next decade or an even longer period, the industry, with the energy centre shifting to the West of China, will be exposed to new options and development in the layout, structure, model, technology, etc.

关键词： coal industry sustainable development the four-orientation model